Types of Prescription Lenses
There are several types of prescription lenses that can help correct vision problems. The most common types include single vision lenses, bifocal lenses, and progressive lenses.
Single Vision Lenses: Single vision lenses contain a single prescription to correct either near-vision problems or distance-vision problems. They are the simplest prescription lenses and are best for those who only need correction for distance or near vision, but not both.
Bifocal Lenses: Bifocal lenses contain two prescriptions - one for distance vision and one for near vision. The lens is divided into upper and lower segments, with the upper portion prescribed for distance vision and the lower portion for near vision. Bifocals work well for those who need help with both distance and near vision but tend to cause more noticeable line between prescriptions.
Progressive Lenses: Progressive Prescription Lenses are much like bifocals but contain a gradual, progressive change in prescription from the top to bottom of the lens rather than an abrupt line. This allows for a single smooth transition between distance, intermediate, and near prescriptions with no lines. Progressives take some adjustment to get used to but provide a seamless transition between prescriptions.
Lens Materials
Prescription lenses come in a variety of materials that can affect vision, durability, cost, and other factors. The most common materials include plastic, polycarbonate, and glass.
Plastic: Many plastic lens materials are lightweight, shatter-resistant, and scratch-resistant. CR-39 plastic is the most basic plastic lens material and is very affordable but not as durable as other options. Hi-Index plastics are thinner and lighter than regular plastics.
Polycarbonate: Polycarbonate lenses are very thin, lightweight, and virtually unbreakable. They provide great impact resistance for safety eyewear. Polycarbonate is a good choice for children and active adults.
Glass: Glass lenses were traditionally used but are denser and heavier than plastics. Glass provides excellent clarity and is very durable but is more prone to breakage from impact. Glass remains an option for those who prefer its optical properties.
Lens Enhancements
Prescription lenses can be further customized with various enhancement coatings and treatments:
Anti-Reflective Coatings: These microscopic coatings reduce glare and reflections by decreasing the amount of light reflected off the surface of the lens. AR coatings improve vision clarity and comfort.
Scratch-Resistant Coatings: Hardened coatings on the lens surface increases its resistance to minor scratches and scuffs from daily use. These coatings do not make the lens completely scratch-proof but reduce damage.
Blue Light Blocking: Specialized lens coatings filter out some shorter wavelength blue light, which some studies link to digital eyestrain. They may help reduce eye fatigue from digital devices.
Transitions/Photochromic Lenses: These "variable-tint" lenses darken when exposed to UV light from sunlight and become clear when indoors. They automatically adjust and eliminate the need for a separate pair of sunglasses.
Other Considerations
In addition to lens type and material choices, other factors should be considered when selecting prescription lenses:
Frame Fit: The lenses must fit properly in the eyeglass frames for proper vision and comfort. The optician checks sizing coordinates with the lens prescription.
Online vs. In-Store: Online retailers tend to offer basic single-vision lenses at lower prices while in-store may provide a wider range of services and advice from opticians.
Insurance Coverage: Check vision insurance for how much is covered yearly for frames and lenses. Premium plans may cover non-basic lenses to some degree.
Specialty Lenses: For those with unique needs like unusually high prescriptions, specialty lenses are made to optimize visual acuity with customized designs.
Lifestyle Needs: Consider activities like computer use, sports, hobbies when selecting lens options for visual demands and appropriate protection.
With many choices in lenses, materials, coatings and more, working with an experienced optician/optical retailer can help select the best prescription lenses tailored exactly to an individual's vision correction and lifestyle needs.
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