Battery Technology Evolution for Start-Stop Systems
Modern vehicles with start-stop systems put additional stress on vehicle batteries compared to traditional engines that remain running when idling. Start-stop systems turn the engine off when the vehicle comes to a complete stop, such as at a red light or stop sign, and instantly restart it when the brake is released or the clutch is engaged. This frequent stopping and starting places additional demands on the vehicle's battery that requires new battery technology to be reliable. Traditional lead-acid batteries were not designed to withstand these frequent charge-discharge cycles and don't have the power needed for efficient start-stop function. Automakers have had to develop more advanced sealed andAbsorbed Glass Mat (AGM) batteries specially formulated for start-stop vehicle applications.
Performance Requirements of Start-Stop Batteries
Start-Stop Battery Technology is used in start-stop systems have more stringent performance requirements compared to conventional lead-acid batteries. They need to provide high cranking power within a very short duration on each start as well as maintain their charge during longer engine off periods. The batteries also need to withstand frequent partial discharging and recharging cycles without excessive water loss or overheating. Automakers generally specify 12-volt batteries rated at minimum 650 cold-cranking amps (CCA) for engines up to 2 liters and 750 CCA or higher for larger engines. The batteries also need to meet additional specifications for maximum internal resistance, recharge acceptance, life span, and other factors.
Enhanced Battery Technologies for Start-Stop
To meet the demanding performance needs of start-stop systems, vehicle manufacturers turned to advanced battery technologies like AGM and enhanced flooded batteries (EFB). AGM batteries utilize absorbed glass mat technology which involves glass-fiber mats between the lead plates to separate and immobilize the acid electrolyte. This makes them more resistant to vibration and shocks. EFB batteries have thin, highly porous polyethylene separator sheets and various additives to improve charge acceptance and reduce water loss. Some premium AGM and EFB batteries are also 'dual-purpose' marketed for both regular and start-stop vehicle applications. Meanwhile, new lithium-ion battery designs are also being evaluated by some automakers for potential use in hybrid and electric vehicles with start-stop.
Thermal Management is Critical
Another key challenge is managing the higher thermal loads on the batteries due to more frequent charging cycles. Higher temperatures can negatively impact performance and shorten battery life. Many start-stop batteries have enhanced temperature sensors and closer battery monitoring systems. The charging systems are also optimized to prevent overcharging at higher currents. Advanced battery designs include innovative vent caps and heat-resistant cases. Thermal management involves airflow provision, intelligent battery cooling systems when needed as well as battery heaters to ensure quick starting even in extreme cold temperatures. Automakers continue to evolve battery thermal management strategies to maximize start-stop battery lifespan under different driving conditions.
Maintenance is Important
Proper battery maintenance is important for start-stop vehicles to ensure long battery life and reliable performance. As the batteries undergo more charge-discharge cycles, their water levels need to be topped-up regularly. Turbo and supercharged engines with Start-Stop require particularly vigilant fluid level checks. Automakers recommend examining battery terminal connections for corrosion, dirt or damage every 6-12 months. Monthly battery load tests can detect any capacity loss early. Recording specific driving routes that include repeated starts and stops helps monitor real-world battery performance over time. Replacing the battery as per recommended service intervals is also critical to avoid expensive electrical system repairs later.
Standardization of Start-Stop Battery Specifications
As more automakers adopt mild-hybrids and start-stop systems, consistent battery performance standards and testing protocols are being developed. The International Automotive Task Force (IATF) has established standard tests and minimum requirements for qualification and approval of start-stop batteries. Parameters like maximum internal resistance, battery power capacity, thermal longevity, cranking power, and charge acceptance etc. are specified. Independent testing labs like CTEK and ENERSYS provide certification ratings of start-stop battery brands based on IATF 16949 automotive quality management system and other standards. OE-fit alternate batteries are also emerging with assured fit and function validation. Overall standardization of specifications benefits both automakers and the independent aftermarket in validating start-stop battery quality and durability.
In an advanced sealed AGM and other enhanced lead-acid battery technologies have enabled efficient electrification of modern vehicles using start-stop technology. Their reliable high-power performance supports engine-off idle-stop functions without compromising vehicle uptime. Thermal management and rigorous maintenance keep the start-stop batteries running optimally over their service life. Standardization of battery specifications now assures consistent quality across the automotive supply chain for current and next-gen vehicle models featuring electrified powertrains.
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Ravina Pandya, Content Writer, has a strong foothold in the market research industry. She specializes in writing well-researched articles from different industries, including food and beverages, information and technology, healthcare, chemical and materials, etc. (https://www.linkedin.com/in/ravina-pandya-1a3984191)
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