The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) attacks the immune system, making the body vulnerable to other infections and diseases. Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is the most advanced stage of HIV infection, where the immune system is severely compromised. With proper treatment, many people with HIV never develop AIDS.
What are HIV and AIDS?
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HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus): A retrovirus that attacks and destroys the immune system's CD4 T-cells, which are critical for fighting off infections. Once a person is infected, the virus remains in the body for life, though it can be managed with medication.
AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome): The final and most severe stage of HIV infection. A diagnosis of AIDS is based on a CD4 cell count below 200 cells/mm³ or the presence of opportunistic infections that affect people with advanced HIV.
