Incisional Hernia Treatment: Causes, Symptoms, and Surgical Options

What is Incisional Hernia ?

An incisional hernia is a type of hernia that occurs at the site of a previous surgical incision in the abdominal wall. It develops when internal tissues or organs push through a weakened area or scar left by earlier surgery. While some incisional hernias may be small and painless, many require surgical intervention to prevent complications.

This article will guide you through the causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment options for incisional hernia, including surgical methods, recovery, and costs in India.

What is an Incisional Hernia?

An incisional hernia appears as a bulge or swelling near or around a past surgical scar. It typically occurs months or even years after abdominal surgery, especially if the incision didn't heal properly or if the abdominal wall was weakened during recovery.

Causes and Risk Factors

• Previous abdominal surgery (C-section, bowel surgery, hysterectomy, etc.)

• Poor wound healing

• Infection at the surgical site

• Obesity

• Heavy lifting too soon after surgery

• Multiple abdominal surgeries

• Chronic cough or constipation

• Diabetes or smoking (delays healing)

Common Symptoms

• A visible or palpable bulge near a previous surgical scar

• Discomfort or pain, especially when coughing, bending, or lifting

• Feeling of pressure or weakness in the abdomen

• Nausea or bowel issues (in severe cases)

Seek immediate medical help if:

• The hernia becomes painful and cannot be pushed back

• The area becomes red, swollen, or tender

• There’s vomiting or signs of intestinal blockage
  These could indicate strangulated hernia, a surgical emergency.

Diagnosis

A physical examination is usually sufficient to diagnose an incisional hernia. In some cases, imaging tests like:

• Ultrasound

• CT Scan

• MRI

may be ordered to assess the hernia's size, location, and involvement of internal organs.

Incisional Hernia Treatment Options

1. Watchful Waiting (For Very Small, Asymptomatic Hernias)

In select cases, especially in elderly or high-risk patients, non-surgical monitoring may be advised.

2. Surgical Repair (Definitive Treatment)

Surgery is the only permanent solution for moderate to large or symptomatic incisional hernias.

A. Open Hernia Repair

• A single incision is made near the hernia

• The protruding tissue is pushed back

• The abdominal wall is repaired, often using a surgical mesh for reinforcement

B. Laparoscopic Hernia Repair

• Minimally invasive, using small incisions and a camera

• Faster recovery, less pain, and lower infection risk

• Mesh is placed internally to strengthen the weak spot

C. Robotic Hernia Surgery (Available in select hospitals)

• Advanced version of laparoscopic surgery with robotic precision

• Suitable for complex or recurrent hernias

Mesh Repair in Incisional Hernias

Most incisional hernia repairs involve mesh placement, which reduces the chance of recurrence and strengthens the abdominal wall. Modern meshes are biocompatible and safe when placed properly by experienced surgeons.

Recovery After Surgery

• Hospital Stay: 1–3 days depending on surgery type

• Recovery Time: 2–4 weeks for daily activities; 6–8 weeks for strenuous tasks

• Post-op Instructions:

  • Avoid heavy lifting

  • Wear abdominal support belts if advised

  • Attend follow-up appointments regularly

  • Watch for signs of infection

Incisional Hernia Surgery Cost in India

The cost can vary based on the type of surgery, hospital, city, and whether mesh is used.

Includes: surgeon fee, anesthesia, hospital stay, OT charges, and mesh (if applicable)

Is Incisional Hernia Surgery Covered by Insurance?

Yes, most health insurance plans in India cover incisional hernia surgery if it’s medically necessary. Be sure to check:

• Network hospitals

• Pre-authorization requirements

• Room rent and surgery limit coverage

Your hospital’s insurance desk can help with claim processing and documentation.

Conclusion

An incisional hernia is a common but potentially serious complication of abdominal surgery. While minor hernias can sometimes be monitored, surgical treatment is usually necessary to avoid risks like strangulation or bowel obstruction.

Choosing a best hernia specialist doctor in delhi and an appropriate technique—whether open, laparoscopic, or robotic—is key to a successful outcome and long-term relief.