Colon cancer is one of the most common and deadly forms of cancer, but it is also one of the most preventable with regular screening. A colonoscopy is a vital screening procedure that can detect colon cancer early when it is most treatable, as well as remove precancerous polyps before they can develop into cancer. If you are 45 years or older, or have certain risk factors, getting a regular colonoscopy from the Best Gastroenterologist in Bangalore should be a priority for protecting your long-term health.
What is a Colonoscopy?
A colonoscopy is a procedure where a long, flexible tube with a tiny camera on the end (a colonoscope) is inserted into the rectum to examine the entire colon. The colonoscope transmits video images from inside the colon onto a screen, allowing the doctor to carefully inspect the lining of the colon for any abnormalities such as polyps or cancers.
If any polyps are found during the colonoscopy, the doctor can remove them through the colonoscope using tiny tools passed through channels in the scope. Removing polyps is an important preventive measure, as the majority of colon cancers develop from polyps. Catching and removing polyps before they become cancerous is a key way colonoscopies help prevent colon cancer.
Preparing for a Colonoscopy
In order for the doctor to have a clear view of the colon lining during the procedure, the colon must be completely empty. This requires taking laxatives and following a clear liquid diet for 1-3 days beforehand to fully cleanse the colon.
While the prep is considered the most unpleasant part of a colonoscopy, following the prep instructions carefully is essential for an effective screening. Your doctor will provide specific prep instructions customized for your individual needs.
What to Expect During a Colonoscopy
For the procedure itself, you will lie on your side on an exam table. You will be given a sedative through an IV to help you stay comfortable and relaxed. The sedative causes most patients to fall into a light sleep, but you can still be awakened if needed.
Once the sedative takes effect, the doctor will carefully insert the lubricated colonoscope into the rectum and gently guide it through the entire length of the colon. Air is pumped through the scope to inflate the colon and give the doctor a better view. The entire procedure typically takes 30-60 minutes.
You may feel mild cramping from the air inflation, but the sedative helps minimize any discomfort. The doctor will point out anything abnormal they see on the screen, such as polyps. If any polyps are found, the doctor will either remove them during the procedure or take a biopsy sample to check for cancer.
After the Procedure
You will need to remain at the facility for 1-2 hours after your colonoscopy until the sedative wears off. You will need someone to drive you home, as the sedatives will impair your judgment and reflexes for the remainder of the day.
Most patients feel bloated and gassy for a few hours after the procedure as air is expelled, but you can resume a normal diet. Over-the-counter medications can help if you experience mild cramping. Your doctor will share the results and provide any follow up instructions based on the colonoscopy findings.
Who Should Get a Colonoscopy?
Colonoscopy screening is recommended for most people starting at age 45, with repeat screenings every 5-10 years if no abnormalities are found. Those with certain risk factors such as a personal or family history of polyps, colon cancer, or inflammatory bowel disease may need to start screening earlier and get screened more frequently.
In some cases, a colonoscopy may also be recommended to investigate symptoms like rectal bleeding, abdominal pain, or changes in bowel habits. Your doctor can assess your individual risk factors and situation to determine the most appropriate colonoscopy screening schedule for you.
While no screening procedure is perfect, colonoscopies are considered the gold standard for detecting colon cancer early and preventing colon cancer through the removal of precancerous polyps. Getting screened through regular colonoscopies from credihealth is a vital step in protecting your long-term colon health and catching any issues before they develop into advanced cancer. Don't delay in getting this important preventive screening.
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