Periodontal Disease Epidemiology: Insights and Emerging Global Patterns

Periodontal disease, also known as gum disease, is an infection of the tissues surrounding the teeth, primarily caused by bacterial growth that leads to inflammation and damage. It is a major cause of tooth loss among adults. The disease progresses in stages, from gingivitis (mild gum disease) to more severe periodontitis (inflammation of the deeper tissues), which can result in the loss of teeth and deterioration of the supporting bone structure.